’WPCŌ iī8‰.Į–²š;ŗZÕš3šżGå „:ƒøn Æ|ė!ōĀo_ŠQ›¢ŠÅń·ĪĄė‡eHČtpś Ķ«Z%|‰Y°»/µ }JÓn*ę€ń Ž<čmYĆ%¾¹Ļ©„ļ‹V#ƒ£dŅó,ø[õŖŪƒRSƧlĄ‚–Ø ļrdOŚŌüĆ·ÖL[YŽÖńņm œCU’ė†ųfĘż–YRųų,Eß×%N„?÷-örOļf»ŲŪž²T®ŗuRM¹?tü뢧Į $fwŸė&ÅzN/Hœ—ĪxĮi·@ó./÷ƒˆ§Ąõæ‘K½Rć3ˆ®k=& O*Ē#§Ķ³kEŃ5„^­T¦’tē€énXŖ #!ØU NÉ % 0(nEU.Hw"v4˜¬» m½˜HP LaserJet 4,ü,,,,,ü0(=”Ņ <‹6Goudy Old Style Regularõ($””«<ž6X9`(CourierXōxž6X@ɹ`7ūX@<ž6X9`(CourierMPž6X@ɹ`7ū@<ž6X9`(Courierō”dž6X@ɹ`7ūō@<ž6X9`(CourierDDED·q,#„ @f3|x’U‹’ĄĄĄŻ ƒ!ŻŻ  ŻńńCHRONOLOGY€FOR€1830€(see€also€nos.€27,€35[?],€47[?])Ģą  ą70.€š šVesuvius,šš€February€1,€MSS€IA,€V,€[VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąTitle€written€š šVESUVIUSšš€in€MS€V.€Dated€by€Ruskin€in€MS€V.€For€a€possible€February€8€presentation€copy,Ļsee€part€2,€MS€IA,€š šContent,šš€ņņeóó.€According€to€the€index€of€MS€VI,€the€sixth€page€of€the€section€of€the€manuscript€nowŠ X Štorn€away€contained€a€copy€of€š šVesuvius,šš€probably€the€rough€draft,€and€it€was€followed€two€pages€later€by€no.€71.Ģą  ąVesuviuses€were€rife€at€the€time€of€Ruskinššs€poem.€Along€with€the€Andrews€children,€he€could€have€seen€aĻš šMount€Vesuviusšš€erupt€in€the€Surrey€Zoological€Garden€(Ian€Anstruther,€ņņCoventry€Patmoreššs€Angel:€A€Study€ofŠ ` ° ŠCoventry€Patmore,€His€Wife€Emily,€and€š šThe€Angel€in€the€Houseššóó€[London:€Haggerston,€1992],€14).€A€moreŠ ( x Šauspicious€inspiration€would€have€been€a€Turner€engraving€of€Vesuvius€in€the€ņņFriendship's€Offeringóó€for€1830,€š štheŠ š @ Šfirst€piece€of€Turner€I€ever€saw,šš€according€to€Ruskin€in€later€years€(ņņWorksóó,€13:428).€The€engraving€accompanied€a€tale,Š ø   Šš šIl€Vesuviano,šš€by€the€Reverend€George€Croly€(see€ņņWorksóó,€1:445),€which€contains€some€slight€details€that€Ruskin€mayŠ € Š  Šhave€borrowed€for€his€poem.Ģą  ąAnother€possible€literary€source,€as€noted€by€Viljoen€(HGVP,€box€F.X),€was€Edgeworthššs€story€š šThe€LittleĻMerchantsšš€in€ņņThe€Parentššs€Assistantóó.€This€tale€would€have€interested€the€Ruskins€for€rewards€bestowed€on€theŠ Ų(  Šhonesty€of€a€boy€entrepreneur,€Francisco,€whose€honorable€actions€lead€to€the€discovery€and€cultivation€of€his€artisticĻtalents.€In€his€climactic€adventure,€Francisco€prudently€removes€his€friends€and€family€from€the€threat€of€VesuviusššsĻeruption,€and€then,€when€the€threat€proves€a€dangerous€reality,€he€heroically€defends€the€property€of€an€aristocraticĻpatron€from€pillage.€Franciscoššs€bravery€is€to€be€celebrated€by€an€improvisatore€š šin€a€poem€.€.€.€on€the€late€eruption€ofĻMount€Vesuvius,šš€but€Ruskinššs€poem€does€not€fulfill€this€promise,€his€subject€being€the€more€ancient€disaster€ofĻHerculaneum€and€Pompeii.€Ruskin€could€have€read€about€the€ancient€eruption€in€š šThe€Little€Merchants,šš€whichĻincludes€an€historical€note€on€the€event,€and€which€sends€Francisco€into€the€cave€of€the€excavated€š šsubterraneous€cityššĻof€Herculaneum€to€sketch€the€ruins€(Edgeworth,€ņņParentššs€Assistantóó,€2:135,€105).Š h Šą  ąRuskinššs€mother€would€have€approved€the€Edgeworth€story€more€than€the€other€possible€sources€of€thisĻpoem,€the€art€and€literature€of€the€annuals.€The€Edgeworth€stories€were€carefully€written€to€š šimprovešš€the€youngĻreader€morally,€if€not€religiously.€The€annuals€failed€this€test,€when€Margaret€examined€her€sonššs€first€ņņFriendshipššsŠ pĄ ŠOfferingóó,€a€gift€of€his€cousin€Charles,€who€was€employed€by€its€publisher,€Smith,€Elder€&€Co.:€š šthe€plates€are€wellŠ 8ˆ Šdone€but€they€are€not€interesting€€the€tales€are€horrible€enough€€the€poetry€very€so€I€think€€upon€the€whole€it€does€notĻimproveņņó󚚀(ņņRFLóó,€208,€letter€of€31€October€1829,€by€which€time€the€ņņFriendshipššs€Offeringóó€for€1830€might€have€beenŠ Č Špublished,€although€Burdššs€note€[ņņRFLóó,€209€n.€6]€fails€to€clarify€reference€to€the€annual€volume€ņņforóó€1829,€published€inŠ ą Šlate€1828,€or€the€one€published€ņņinóó€1829,€for€1830).Š XØ Šą  ąDespite€his€motherššs€distaste€for€sensationalism€that€fails€to€š šimprove,šš€Ruskin€went€on€in€1830€to€write€luridĻpoems€possibly€influenced€by€the€annuals€(see€nos.€79„80).€For€another€poem€about€a€volcanic€eruption,€see€no.€68.ĢĢą  ą71.€š šTrafalgar,šš€February€8€and€12,€MSS€IA,€V,€[VI].€Printed€ņņPJRóó,€1:35„37;€ņņWorksóó,€2:279„81.Š xČ! Šą  ąTitle€written€š šTRAFALGARšš€in€MSS€IA€and€V.€Copy€in€MS€V€dated€February€12€by€Ruskin,€with€theĻaddition€by€John€James,€š šAge€11€yearsšš;€presentation€copy€in€MS€IA€probably€dated€February€8€(see€part€1,€MS€IA,Ļš šContent,šš€ņņeóó).€According€to€the€index€of€MS€VI,€the€section€of€the€manuscript€now€torn€away€contained€š šTrafalgar,ššŠ Š $ Šprobably€its€rough€draft,€between€nos.€70€and€73.ĢĢą@&ģąTRAFALGARˆĢUņņPONóó€the€Atlantics€spacious€breastŠ š#@( ŠThe€British€ships€come€onĢFull€many€a€soul€shall€go€to€restĢEre€the€fatal€day€is€doneĢThe€waves€rose€dancing€at€the€prowĢIn€foaming€sparkling€sprayĢAnd€each€surge€was€tipped€with€a€crest€of€snowĢAs€the€warships€cut€their€wayĢAnd€on€the€waves€which€tossed€aroundĢThe€murderous€lines€of€cannon€frownššdĢNow€with€a€wild€and€hissing€sweepĢA€ball€there€dashes€oer€the€deepĢThen€flash€on€flash€and€roar€on€roarĢThe€British€ships€began€the€warŠ .h)5 ŠThere€through€the€volumes€of€the€smokeĢThe€lightning€flash€of€cannon€brokeĢAnd€the€high€bounding€crested€waveĢWas€tinged€with€the€blood€of€the€dying€braveĢAnd€darkness€rising€drear€&€dreadĢOn€the€field€of€death€ther€[ņņsic,€i.e.,óó€her]€wings€outspreadŠ ˜č ŠNow€the€Spanish€line€gave€wayĢNow€the€British€won€the€dayĢBut€the€Spanish€parting€volley€gave€ĢA€naval€hero€to€the€graveĢFearless€on€the€stern€he€stoodĢLooking€on€the€purple€floodĢOne€parting€flash€one€bursting€roarĢTrafalgars€hero€rose€no€moreĢThen€the€British€hearts€beat€highĢThen€lightning€flashed€from€every€eyeĢRevenge€burst€wildly€on€the€breezeĢRevenge€it€sounded€oer€the€seasĢWith€killing€rage€with€murderous€roarĢThe€British€on€the€Spaniards€boreĢNow€oer€the€field€of€battle€dreadĢA€sudden€blaze€there€shoneĢAnd€every€bloody€billow€boreĢA€brightness€not€its€ownĢAs€when€the€setting€sun€doth€laveĢIts€glories€in€the€ocean€waveĢAnd€when€the€gentle€evening€breezeĢCurls€the€light€ripple€of€the€seasĢWhich€glancing€in€the€rays€so€brightĢReflect€a€glittering€line€of€lightĢSo€blazing€high€sublime€&€dreadĢThe€flames€rose€flashing€overheadĢWhen€sudden€to€the€skies€aroseĢA€far€re„echoing€soundĢAnd€broken€masts€&€splintered€boardsĢAnd€flames€were€tossed€aroundĢAnd€sinking€in€the€ocean€deepĢThe€brave€together€calmly€sleep.ĢAnd€now€the€Spanish€foeman€fledĢFull€swiftly€oer€the€Atlantic€mainĢAnd€while€lamenting€for€their€deadĢThey€sought€the€Spanish€land€againĢMeantime€the€mourning€victors€boreĢTheir€Nelson€to€his€native€shoreĢAnd€a€whole€weeping€nation€gaveĢFunereal€honours€to€the€braveĢWhere€was€the€eye€that€did€not€giveĢOne€single€bitter€tearĢWhere€was€the€man€that€did€not€weepĢUpon€Lord€Nelsons€bier.ĢĢą  ąņņTextual€noteóó.„„Copytext€taken€from€MS€V.€As€compared€with€the€edited€version€in€ņņWorksóó,€Ruskinššs€fair€copyŠ ˆ,Ų'3 Šin€MS€V€contains€no€punctuation,€except€the€apostrophe€in€line€10,€hyphen€in€line€48,€period€in€line€52,€and€a€finalĻperiod€where€the€editors€show€a€question€mark.€Ruskinššs€capitalizations€are€shown€accurately€in€ņņWorksóó,€but€his€linesŠ .h)5 Šare€flush,€without€the€editorsšš€indentations.Ģą  ąThe€MS€IA€version,€as€compared€with€the€edited€version€in€ņņWorksóó,€contains€no€punctuation€except€theŠ xČ Šapostrophe€in€line€1,€a€period€where€the€editors€have€exclamation€mark€in€line€28,€hyphen€in€line€48,€period€in€lineĻ52.€Ruskinššs€capitalizations€are€shown€accurately,€but€his€lines€are€flush,€without€editorsšš€indentations.Ģą  ąMS€IA€has€a€numeral€š šIšš€above€the€first€line,€and€line€spaces€between€lines€4€and€5,€and€between€9€and€10„„¼and€then€no€further€numerals€or€line€spaces.€It€is€as€if€Ruskin€at€first€thought€to€divide€the€poem€into€stanzas€but€thenĻchanged€his€mind.€No€stanza€breaks€are€used€in€the€MS€V€version.Ģą  ąņņ1,€MS€Vóó€Atlantics]€Atlanticššs€ņņMS€IA,€WorksóóŠ ( x Šą  ąņņ10,€MS€V,€Worksóó€frownššd]€frowned€ņņMS€IAóóŠ š @ Šą  ąņņ13,€MS€V,€Worksóó€and]€&€ņņMS€IAóóŠ ø   Šą  ąņņ19,€MS€Vóó€&]€and€ņņMS€IA,€Worksóó€Š € Š  Šą  ąņņ20,€MS€V,€Worksóó€On]€Oer€ņņMS€IA;€also€MS€V€hasóó€ther€ņņforóó€her€ņņin€MS€IA,€the€latter€being€the€preferableŠ H ˜  ŠreadingóóŠ `  Šą  ąņņ28,€MS€Vóó€more]€more.€ņņMS€IAóóŠ Ų(  Šą  ąņņ33,€MS€Vóó€killing]€fellest€ņņMS€IA,€WorksóóŠ  š  Šą  ąņņ45,€MSS€IA,€Vóó€&]€and€ņņWorksóóŠ hø  Šą  ąņņ49,€MS€Vóó€&]€and€ņņMS€IA,€WorksóóŠ 0€  Šą  ąņņ50,€MS€Vóó€tossed]€cast€ņņMS€IA,€WorksóóŠ ųH  Šą  ąņņ53,€MS€Vóó€foeman]€foemen€ņņMS€IA,€WorksóóŠ Ą Šą  ąņņ64,€MS€Vóó€bier.]€bier€ņņMS€IA;€Worksóó€bier?Š ˆŲ ŠĢą  ą72.€š šThe€Yew,šš€February€8,€MSS€IA,€IV.€Printed€as€part€of€š šEudosia,šš€bk.€2,€in€ņņWorksóó,€2:269„71.Š h Šą  ąA€presentation€copy€in€MS€IA€of€an€18„line€version€(title€written€š šTHE€YEWšš)€is€probably€dated€February€8Ļby€Ruskin€(see€part€1,€MS€IA,€š šContent,šš€ņņeóó).€The€poem€was€then€extended€with€10€more€lines€of€graveyard€verse€andŠ Øų Šincorporated€into€the€catalogue€of€trees€that€š šEudosiašš€(no.€27)€had€reached€by€this€date„„thus€ending,€if€notĻconcluding,€the€longer€poem.€The€text€here€is€taken€from€MS€IA.ĢĢAnd€now€the€Yew€a€mournful€tree€I€singĢWhich€poisššnous€is€to€every€living€thingĢAnd€meet€it€is€that€such€a€tree€is€placedĢIn€the€dread€churchyard€where€the€corses€wasteĢNow€think€again€in€every€case€the€YewĢShows€death€in€all€its€terrors€to€the€viewĢFor€lo€see€there€Just€bursting€from€the€woodĢThe€free€and€lawless€band€of€Robin€HoodĢLook€at€their€bows€tough€Yew€confines€the€stringĢAnd€Yew€elastic€gives€the€arrow€wingĢWell€aimed€and€thirsting€for€the€purple€bloodĢOf€tallest€stag€that€ever€ranged€the€woodĢThe€winged€dart€flies€gladly€through€the€airĢAnd€quickly€fixes€in€its€body€fairĢThe€tall€stag€fainteth€with€the€deadly€woundĢAnd€deeply€sighing€sinks€upon€the€groundĢAnd€thus€oppressed€with€the€winged€deathĢThe€dying€stag€sobs€forth€its€latest€breathĢĢą  ą73.€š šDeath,šš€March€1830€and€early€fall€1831,€MSS€IA,€V,€VI.€Unpublished,€but€mentioned€in€ņņWorksóó,€2:279Š  (š#. Šn.€1.Ģą  ąTitle€written€š šDEATHšš€in€MSS€IA€and€V.€Among€the€papers€in€MS€IA,€a€presentation€copy€of€š šDeathššĻappears€as€if€meant€to€accompany€a€presentation€copy€of€the€group,€nos.€70„72;€however,€the€kinds€of€paper€differ,€andĻRuskinššs€March€date€in€the€MS€V€copy€sets€it€apart€from€those€others€(see€part€1,€MS€IA,€š šContent,šš€ņņeóó).€This€date€isŠ Ą+'2 Šconsistent€with€evidence€of€the€index€to€MS€VI,€which€indicates€that,€in€the€section€of€the€manuscript€now€torn€away,Ļthe€poem€(probably€its€draft)€fell€between€nos.€70„71€and€74„75.Ģą  ąThe€MS€V€version€is€longer€by€21€lines€than€the€MS€IA€version,€although€the€latter€appears€to€be€a€completeŠ .h)5 Šfair€copy,€with€ample€blank€space€left€at€the€end€of€the€poem.€Added€to€the€end€of€the€poem€in€the€MS€V€version€is€š šaĻvision€of€delight,šš€the€gathering€of€the€dead€babeššs€and€boyššs€souls€š šround€a€throne€of€gloryšš€in€heaven,€while€deathĻlies€vanquished€below.€The€MS€IA€version,€by€contrast,€ends€bleakly€with€the€š šsilence€of€death.ššĢą  ąAlso€in€MS€VI,€where,€according€to€its€index,€Ruskin€first€drafted€š šDeath,šš€he€returned€to€the€poem„„probablyĻin€early€fall€1831,€judging€by€its€position€following€š šCreation„„Second€Dayšš€and€embedded€between€two€portions€ofĻbook€4€of€š šIteriadšš€(ll.€27„68€and€69„94).€Entitled€š šDeathšš€here,€as€well,€the€poem€recurs€as€a€revision€or€new€version,ĻRuskin€rewriting€or€adding€lines€to€the€opening€section€that€deals€with€a€dead€child€and€his€mother.€In€draft,€after€thisĻnew€section€š šIšš€comes€a€roman€numeral€š šII,šš€with€no€follow„up,€indicating€that€the€revision€or€new€version€wasĻabandoned.Ģą  ąIt€is€possible€that€the€MS€VI€version€existed€prior€to€the€š šIteriadšš€draft€surrounding€it,€so€that€it€ought€to€beĻdated€earlier€than€fall€1831.€But€several€indicators€suggest€that€Ruskin€paused€during€composition€of€š šIteriadšš€book€4Ļto€draft€the€revised€lyric:€(1)€the€ink€and€pen€for€the€draft€appear€identical€to€š šIteriadšš€4:27„68€preceding€it;€(2)Ļimmediately€beneath€the€abandoned€lyric,€Ruskin€drew€a€line€and,€with€a€new€pen,€entitled€the€succeeding€draft€ofĻš šIteriadšš€4:69ff.€as€š šIteriad€Book€4thšš„„as€if€he€were€returning€to€that€poem€after€a€hiatus;€and€(3),€the€revision€of€theĻlyric€does€not€appear€in€Ruskinššs€index,€whereas,€with€only€one€exception€(no.€115),€he€consistently€indexed€shorterĻpoems€composed€prior€to€š šIteriad,šš€book€4.ĢĢ[MS€VI]ą@""(ģąDeathˆŠ ųH  Šą@ŃŃ*ģąIˆĢAnd€I€saw€him€lieĢWith€his€closed€eyeĢAnd€his€little€cheek€as€redĢAs€when€he€did€restĢOn€his€mothers€breastĢ€As€there€he€slept€his€headĢAnd€still€his€mother€sat€besideĢAnd€ever€and€anon€she€criedĢMy€child€shall€not€be€buriedĢHe€sleeps€he€sleeps€he€is€not€deadĢThus€ravingly€his€mother€saidĢAnd€the€spectre€gave€a€laughĢThat€thrilled€with€half€a€scream€and€half€a€groanĢI€looked€again€upon€her€she€was€goneĢą@¶¶)ģąIIˆĢĢą  ą74.€š šSalamis,šš€March„April,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost€with€torn„away€section€of€MS€VI;€according€to€the€index€to€MS€VI,€it€was€composed€between€nos.Ļ73€and€75.ĢĢą  ą75.€š šIvanhoe,šš€March„April,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost€with€torn„away€section€of€MS€VI;€according€to€the€index€to€MS€VI,€it€followed€no.€74€and€took€upĻas€many€as€eight€pages€before€no.€76.ĢĢą  ą76.€š šBattle€of€Preston€Pans,šš€April€19,€MS€V,€[VI].€Previously€unpublished,€but€see€ņņWorksóó,€2:279€n.€1.Š H&˜!+ Šą  ąTitle€written€š šBATTLE€OF€PRESTON€PANS€/€Vide€Waverley.šš€Dated€by€Ruskin€in€MS€V.€According€to€theĻindex€to€MS€VI,€the€poem€(probably€its€draft)€once€followed€no.€75€in€the€section€now€torn€away.€AlthoughĻunpublished,€the€poem€has€been€mentioned€by€Viljoen€(ņņRSHóó,€202€n.€1)€as€a€130„line€versification€of€chapters€46„47€ofŠ  (š#. ŠScottššs€ņņWaverleyóó.Š h)ø$/ ŠĢą@ßßģąBATTLE€OF€PRESTON€PANSˆĢą@  $ģąVide€WaverleyˆĢThe€sun€sinks€down€on€oceans€breastĢThe€very€breezes€sigh€to€restĢTwilight€wanes€upon€the€deepŠ .h)5 ŠThe€heaving€billows€sink€to€sleepĢAnd€lightly€the€ripples€toss€their€sprayĢAs€leaping€&€dancing€they€foam€on€their€wayĢBut€the€ranks€of€death€on€the€hill€are€recliningĢTheir€warlike€plaids€around€them€twiningĢAnd€there€the€far€beaming€claymore€by€their€sideĢOn€the€brow€of€the€hill€they€lay€stretching€wideĢNow€foaming€in€fury€there€pranced€oer€the€plainĢA€charger€all€raging€&€spurning€the€reinĢGrey€were€the€hairs€of€the€hero€who€rodeĢOn€that€fierce€fiery€horse€oer€the€green€grassy€sodĢBut€strong€was€his€hand€though€full€sad€was€his€eyeĢAs€he€gazed€on€the€numbers€that€round€him€did€lieĢNow€the€carbine€is€raised€with€a€deadly€aimĢAnd€prepared€from€its€slumber€to€rouse€the€fierce€flameĢBut€the€seers€hand€beside€him€is€laid€on€the€gunĢO€touch€not€thy€weapon€his€time€is€not€comeĢBut€tomorrow€shall€see€him€lie€gasping€in€painĢOn€the€turf€which€is€red€with€the€blood€of€the€slainĢFor€I€see€round€his€shoulders€the€pale€sheet€of€whiteĢGhastly€shine€through€the€fast€spreading€mists€of€the€nightĢAnd€tomorrow€bedabbled€with€blood€from€his€woundĢHis€pale€gory€corse€shall€but€cumber€the€groundņņ1óóŠ ą0 ŠA€pale€gory€corse€he€shall€gasp€on€the€groundĢThe€warrior€turned€his€horses€headĢAnd€swiftly€rode€awayĢLittle€he€thought€that€he€might€have€been€deadĢBut€for€what€the€seer€did€sayĢNow€the€warriors€laid€them€down€to€restĢWith€the€sword€by€their€side€&€the€plaid€on€their€BreastĢBut€one€soldiers€tossing€plumeĢNodded€oer€a€brow€of€gloomĢAnd€he€sunk€to€rest€with€a€moody€frownĢAs€the€shades€of€the€lowššring€night€stole€down.ĢTis€morn€and€the€mists€of€the€oceanĢAre€sweeping€away€from€the€sightĢAnd€the€billows€in€heaving€commotionĢAre€leaping€&€foaming€lightĢThat€wave€has€a€snowy€crestĢBut€eer€the€day€dies€in€the€westĢPurple€the€billow€shall€beĢAnd€the€reckless€waveĢShall€sing€for€the€braveĢWho€lie€by€the€shore€of€the€seaĢNow€from€their€slumber€the€warriors€roseĢAnd€drew€the€broad€claymoreĢAgain€to€be€sheathed€in€the€breast€of€their€foesĢAgain€to€be€dyed€in€their€goreĢUndaunted€oer€the€trembling€sodĢSucceeding€columns€silent€trodĢThe€mist€was€wreathed€around€their€ranksĢThe€dewdrops€glittered€on€the€banksĢEach€blade€of€grass€had€its€coronetĢWith€the€dewy€aether€setŠ .h)5 ŠIn€the€mornings€ray€the€dewdrop€layĢEre€the€heat€of€the€noontide€should€melt€it€awayĢBut€the€grass€sank€under€the€heroes€treadĢSoon€to€be€pressed€by€the€wounded€&€deadĢAnd€the€mist€it€yielded€to€the€sheenĢWhich€flashed€from€their€falchions€so€bright€and€so€keenĢSudden€the€loud€alarm€was€spreadĢWhere€the€foemen€lay€in€order€dreadĢThey€sprung€from€the€turf€in€a€moment€were€armedĢLike€the€monarch€of€birds€for€her€nestlings€alarmedĢThey€had€laid€them€down€in€battle€arrayĢAnd€the€moment€they€roused€they€were€up€and€awayĢThen€raised€they€the€banners€the€falchions€flashed€forthĢBut€their€sheen€could€not€dazzle€the€sons€of€the€northĢA€moment€they€sunk€on€their€knees€to€prayĢThen€down€with€the€bonnet€€On€on€and€awayĢThen€mingling€so€wild€with€the€billows€roarĢAs€they€foam€and€die€on€the€sandy€shoreĢThe€Highlanders€warcry€aroseĢAnd€onward€they€pressed€with€a€wild€piercing€shriekĢThat€rose€to€the€heavens€and€swept€oer€the€deepĢAnd€palsied€the€hearts€of€their€foesĢProudly€the€plume€in€their€bonnets€rodeĢSoon€to€be€stained€with€the€foemans€bloodĢProud€was€their€step€gaily€glittered€the€brandĢThat€flashed€through€the€mist€of€the€morn€in€their€handĢNow€forward€Sons€of€Ivor€press€onward€to€the€foeĢThe€Camerons€are€before€you€&€will€strike€the€first€blowĢMore€needed€not€to€that€generous€clanĢForward€they€rushed€and€they€met€man€to€manĢFierce€was€the€shock€and€still€fiercer€the€strifeĢThey€asked€not€for€quarter€they€begged€not€for€lifeĢThe€dying€groan€&€the€woundeds€moanĢRose€loudly€oer€the€waveĢAnd€the€victors€cry€rose€to€the€skyĢThe€deathdirge€of€the€braveĢThe€cannons€roar€from€the€rocky€shoreĢRolled€oer€the€heaving€mainĢAnd€the€plain€was€red€with€the€dripping€goreĢWhich€oozed€from€the€wounds€of€the€slainĢBut€the€turf€shakes€under€a€horses€treadĢAs€he€proudly€tramples€the€corse€of€the€deadĢThe€horse€and€his€rider€they€both€are€the€sameĢThat€had€moved€at€the€close€of€the€day€oer€the€plainĢAnd€they€quickly€press€to€that€little€bandĢWho€are€falling€like€wheat€neath€the€reapers€handĢSwiftly€there€rose€a€bright€flashing€claymoreĢIn€a€moment€its€brightness€was€dimmed€in€his€goreĢAnd€the€blood€welled€out€from€his€gaping€woundĢAnd€he€gasped€as€the€seer€had€foretold€on€the€groundĢShorter€and€shorter€became€his€breathĢHis€eyes€became€fixed€and€closed€in€deathĢUntil€taking€wing€with€a€low€dying€moanĢHe€breathed€his€last€sigh€&€the€spirit€was€goneŠ .h)5 ŠThe€ranks€are€fled€and€the€heroes€deadĢWho€had€risen€in€glory€arrayedĢAnd€the€dew€on€that€warfield€is€only€the€bloodĢWhich€the€anger€of€man€had€madeĢThe€night€sunk€down€on€oceans€breastĢAnd€the€Highlanders€laid€them€down€to€restĢVictorious€&€gayĢEach€warrior€slept€on€his€bloody€shieldĢAnd€the€eve€came€down€on€the€deathlike€fieldĢAnd€the€warriors€as€they€layĢAgain€it€is€morn€and€the€oceans€waveĢStill€it€is€tinged€with€the€blood€of€the€braveĢThough€the€reckless€deep€hath€lulled€to€sleepĢThousands€of€warriors€boldĢAnd€like€its€foam€on€the€rocky€stoneĢThey€lie€as€pale€and€coldĢYet€the€ripple€is€gay€oer€their€icy€clayĢAnd€gaily€it€sparkles€and€dances€awayĢSoftly€it€sings€oer€their€corses€coldĢAs€it€did€on€the€morn€ere€the€death€of€the€bold.ĢĢą  ąņņ1óóThis€line€is€neatly€printed€in€a€very€small€hand€in€the€space€between€lines€25€and€26.€Clearly€an€insertion,€itŠ h Šis€apparently€meant€as€an€alternative€to€the€similar€line€26,€since€Ruskinššs€line€numbering€demands€that€only€one€ofĻthe€two€lines€be€counted.€Line€26€is€not€crossed€out,€however,€so€it€is€unclear€whether€the€insertion€should€replace€lineĻ26€altogether.ĢĢą  ą77.€š šMy€Dog€Dash,šš€April€30,€MS€V,€[VI].€Printed€ņņPJRóó,€1:38;€ņņWorksóó,€2:282.Š P Šą  ąTitle€written€š šMY€DOG€DASH.šš€Dated€by€Ruskin€in€MS€V.€The€index€to€MS€VI€indicates€that€the€section€ofĻthe€manuscript€now€missing€contained€two€poems€called€š šDash,šš€one€closely€positioned€following€no.€76€and€theĻother€coming€fourteen€pages€later.€The€former€of€these€two€poems€appears€to€be€no.€77,€judging€by€its€date€in€the€MSĻV€copy,€while€the€other€š šDashšš€is€lost,€as€Cook€and€Wedderburn€report€in€their€discussion€of€MS€VI.€MS€VI€alsoĻcontains€š šTo€Dash€Howling,šš€no.€112,€but€this€would€not€be€the€lost€š šDashšš€poem,€since€no.€112€remains€extant€laterĻin€the€manuscript,€and€it€is€listed€separately€in€the€index€to€MS€VI.ĢĢą@­­%ģąMY€DOG€DASHˆĢI€have€a€dog€of€Blenheim€birthĢWith€fine€long€ears€and€full€of€mirthĢAnd€sometimes€running€oer€the€plainĢHe€tumbles€oer€his€noseĢBut€quickly€jumping€up€againĢLike€lightning€on€he€goesĢTis€queer€to€watch€his€gambols€gayĢHeššs€very€loving€in€his€wayĢHe€even€wants€to€lick€your€faceĢBut€that€is€somewhat€out€of€placeĢTis€well€enough€your€hand€to€kissĢBut€Dash€is€not€content€with€thisĢHoweer€let€all€his€faults€be€pastĢIll€praise€him€to€the€very€lastĢHis€love€is€true€though€somewhat€viššlentĢWith€truth€I€say€heššs€seldom€silentĢIf€any€man€approach€the€gateĢA€bow„wow„wow€rings€through€his€pateĢAttempts€to€quiet€Dash€are€vainŠ .h)5 ŠTill€clear€of€all€is€his€domainĢĢą  ąņņTextual€noteóó.„„As€compared€with€the€edited€version€in€ņņWorksóó,€Ruskinššs€fair€copy€in€MS€V€is€unpunctuatedŠ @ Šexcept€for€the€apostrophes€in€lines€8,€15,€and€16,€and€the€hyphens€in€line€18.€Capitalization€in€ņņWorksóó€correct,€exceptŠ X Šfor€small€capitals€shown€by€editors€in€line€1.€Ruskinššs€lines€flush,€without€the€editorsšš€indentations.Ģą  ąņņ4,€MS€Vóó€oer]€on€ņņWorksóóŠ ˜č Šą  ąņņ7,€MS€Vóó€gambols]€gambles€ņņWorksóóŠ ` ° Šą  ąņņ15„20,€MS€V,€Works,€not€in€PJRóóŠ ( x ŠĢą  ą78.€š šThe€Day€of€Judgement,šš€May€22€and€June€13,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€94„97,€from€Cook€andŠ ø   ŠWedderburnššs€transcript.Ģą  ąTitle€written€š šTHE€DAY€OF€JUDGEMENT.šš€In€the€manuscript,€the€May€date€is€placed€next€to€the€title€andĻthe€June€date€at€the€end,€probably€recording€the€composition€and€fair„copying€dates€respectively,€during€the€familyššsĻsummer€1830€tour€to€the€Lakes.€(Generally,€in€MS€V,€Ruskin€placed€dates€at€the€ends€of€poems.€The€date€by€the€titleĻof€no.€78€certainly€does€not€belong€with€the€preceding€poem,€no.€73,€since€š šThe€Day€of€Judgementšš€starts€at€the€top€ofĻa€verso,€and€since€no.€73€is€clearly€assigned€its€own€date€on€the€preceding€recto.)Ģą  ąOn€Thursday,€May€20,€two€days€before€the€draft€date,€the€Ruskins€visited€Oxford,€where€they€viewed€theĻjudgement€scene€in€the€west€window€of€Magdalen€College€Chapel,€painted€by€Schwarz€(1600),€which€no€doubtĻinspired€the€poem€(see€ņņTLCóó,€28,€62€n.€9;€the€diary€passage€about€the€window,€copied€by€Mary€Richardson,€is€far€lessŠ Ą Šdramatic€than€Ruskinššs€poem).€Then€on€Sunday,€June€13,€which€the€family€spent€in€Buxton,€Ruskin€could€have€fair„¼copied€the€poem€into€MS€V.€These€clues€indicate€that€Ruskin€carried€his€fair„copy€notebooks€with€him€on€journeysĻ(MS€V€had€been€started€much€earlier).€Similarly,€the€diary€of€this€tour,€as€Dearden€reconstructs€its€composition,€wasĻnot€written€day„by„day€but€composed€and€then€fair„copied€almost€all€at€once€(presumably€from€rough€daily€notes),Ļduring€an€extended€stop€late€in€the€journey€(see€no.€83).€It€is€also€interesting€that€Ruskin€was€allowed€to€work€in€hisĻmanuscripts€on€a€Sunday.€In€this€instance,€the€poem€is€appropriately€religious;€however,€no.€80,€also€assigned€a€SundayĻdate€(July€11,€which€the€family€spent€in€Bowness),€is€a€melodramatic€tale,€if€one€with€pious€touches.ĢĢą  ą79.€š šRevenge,šš€May„July€11,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€97„99,€from€Cook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript.Š Č Šą  ąUndated,€but€positioned€in€MS€V€between€nos.€78€and€80.€Composed€during€the€summer€tour;€see€note€toĻno.€78.€For€a€possible€source,€see€no.€70.ĢĢą  ą80.€š šDespair,šš€July€11,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€99„103,€from€Cook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript.Š č8 Šą  ąDated€by€Ruskin.€For€circumstances€of€composition,€see€note€to€no.€78;€for€possible€source,€see€no.€70.ĢĢą  ą81.€š šLove,šš€June„July,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€104„6,€from€Cook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript.Š @" Šą  ąUndated,€but€positioned€in€MS€V€between€nos.€80€and€82.€This€poem€about€a€childššs€death€could€have€beenĻinspired€by€Sir€Francis€Chantreyššs€š šSnowdrop€Monument,šš€a€memorial€to€the€Robinson€daughters€who€died€by€fire.ĻRuskin€was€struck€by€the€monument€on€June€3,€during€the€summer€tour€(ņņTLCóó,€31,€66€n.€26;€see€no.€78).€Two€moreŠ ˜!č% Šmonuments€to€infant€deaths€were€carefully€scrutinized€by€Ruskin€during€the€tour€(see€ņņTLCóó,€56,€58„59).Š `"°& ŠĢą  ą82.€š šHaddon€Hall,šš€June„July,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņPJRóó,€1:39;€ņņWorksóó,€2:284;€ņņTLCóó,€97.Š š#@( Šą  ąUndated€in€manuscript.€Ruskin€saw€the€hall€on€June€11,€during€the€summer€tour;€this€date€accords€with€theĻpoemššs€position€in€MS€V,€following€no.€81€(see€nos.€81,€78).ĢĢą  ą83.€Diary€(prose),€about€July€19„„about€August€14,€MS€XA.€Published€as€ņņTLCóó.€See€ņņTLCóó,€5,€for€previousŠ '`", Šquotations€in€ņņPJRóó;€Collingwood,€ņņLifeóó;€and€ņņWorksóó.Š Ų'(#- Šą  ąFor€physical€description€and€details€about€composition,€see€introduction€to€ņņTLCóó€and€part€1,€MS€XA.€AsŠ  (š#. ŠRuskin€recalled€in€ņņPraeteritaóó,€the€diary€was€jointly€composed€by€him€and€Mary€Richardson,€but€its€editors€argue€thatŠ h)ø$/ ŠRuskin€dominated€the€process.€The€two€children€based€the€diary€probably€on€rough€notes€taken€throughout€theĻjourney,€which€lasted€between€May€18€and€August€17;€but€the€handmade€book€that€has€come€down€to€us€was€largelyĻcomposed€and€fair€copied€during€two€extended€stops€during€the€journey,€in€Matlock€and€Cheltenham,€July€19„„AugustĻ14.ĢĢą  ą84.€š šOne€morning€we€heard€that€a€ship€for€New€York,šš€June€15,€included€in€no.€83.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€38„39.Š .h)5 Їą  ą85.€š šCreation:€A€Fragment,šš€August€2€(or,€very€likely,€2€August€2€1831),€MS€V.€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€106„7,€fromŠ ° ŠCook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript.Ģą  ąDated€2€August€1830,€by€Ruskin€in€MS€V.€Since€it€follows€poems€dated€1831€in€MS€V,€š šCreation,šš€alongĻwith€a€passage€from€book€I€of€ņņIteriadóó€(š šFirst€the€giant€Helvellyn€arose€on€our€right€.€.€.šš€[bk.€1:401„28])€entered€next€toŠ X Šit,€are€fair„copied€out€of€sequence.Ģą  ąPossibly,€Ruskinššs€š š1830šš€assigned€to€š šCreationšš€was€a€slip€for€š š1831,šš€since€a€poem€on€a€related€subject,€no.Ļ129,€must€have€been€written€in€summer€1831.€In€meter€and€stanza,€š šCreationšš€seems€closer€to€no.€129€than€it€does€toĻanother€example€of€the€religious€sublime€written€in€1830,€no.€78,€which€uses€a€tamely€alternating€tetrameter€andĻtrimeter.€If€š šCreationšš€does€belong€to€1831,€the€location€of€its€draft,€now€destroyed,€can€be€reconstructed€in€MS€VIĻ(see€part€1,€MS€VI,€š šDescriptionšš).€The€evidence,€then,€weighs€toward€1831,€but€the€poem€must€be€placed€under€1830Ļin€deference€to€what€Ruskin€wrote€in€MS€V.ĢĢą  ą86.€Catalog€of€105€Minerals€(prose),€after€summer€1830,€MS€IVB.€Unpublished.Ģą  ąThe€catalog€is€a€list€by€name€of€mineral€and€the€sampleššs€place€of€origin.€Ruskin€probably€compiled€the€listĻafter€the€tour€of€1830,€since€specimens€78„105€are€assigned€place€names,€mainly€in€the€Lake€District€or€Matlock,€butĻno€mineralogical€identifications„„as€if€they€have€been€collected€in€the€field,€cataloged,€but€not€yet€studied.€E.g.,Ļspecimen€78€is€š šfrom€a€cave€near€Matlock.ššĢą  ąConversely,€specimens€51„77€have€mineralogical€but€no€place€identifications.€Perhaps€these€were€the€š šgoodĻmany€mineralsšš€purchased€during€the€early€June€stay€at€Matlock€(ņņTLCóó,€33).€Specimens€1„50€constituted€what€RuskinŠ Ą Šcalled€his€first€collection,€purchased€at€the€Crosthwaite€Museum€in€Keswick,€which€the€family€visited€later€in€JuneĻ(ņņWorksóó,€26:294n.;€ņņTLCóó,€41„42;€š šIteriad,šš€no.€91,€bk.€2:233„34).€This€list€of€the€first€fifty€specimens€remains€intact,Š P  Šwhen€no.€86€is€absorbed€into€and€replaced€by€no.€118b.ĢĢą  ą87.€Translation€of€Horaceššs€Ode€24€(bk.€1),€š šTo€Virgilšš€(prose),€before€September€10,€MS€VI.€PreviouslyĻunpublished.Ģą  ąTitle€written€š šHorace€ode€24€/€To€Virgil.šš€Precedes€no.€90,€which€is€dated€September€10.€Ruskinššs€firstĻmention€of€Horace€arises€in€his€litany€of€the€š šbotherationšš€he€endured€under€his€tutor,€Mr.€Rowbotham:€š šOh€forĻmoralizing€Horace€or€stiff€Demonsthenes€or€any€other€of€their€old€sticks€of€author€as€crabbed€as€the€dog€baying€theĻmoon€of€Shakespearean€memoryšš€(January€1832,€ņņRFLóó,€258).€Nos.€87„88,€however,€must€have€been€exercises€forŠ ą ŠReverend€Andrews€or€for€Ruskinššs€father,€since€Rowbotham€apparently€did€not€begin€tutoring€Ruskin€until€1831€(seeĻņņRFLóó,€261€n.€11;€J.€S.€Dearden€informs€me€that€Rowbotham€first€appears€in€John€Jamesššs€accounts€on€August€1,€1831,Š  p Šfor€š š10.15/€and€19/6,€and€again€on€November€15€for€š š10.15/€and€3/6).€These€odes€are€not,€in€any€case,€š šmoralizingĻHoracešš:€no.€87€is€a€dirge€for€Quintilius,€and€thus€in€keeping€with€Ruskinššs€preoccupation€with€elegy€during€thisĻperiod;€and€no.€88€is€a€surprisingly€racey€paraclausithyron,€an€address€to€a€scornful€belovedššs€closed€house€(the€formĻTennyson€would€adapt€in€the€š šdark€housešš€lyrics€of€ņņIn€Memoriamóó).Š @" ŠĢą  ą88.€Translation€of€Horaceššs€Ode€25€(bk.€1),€š šTo€Lydiašš€(prose),€before€September€10,€MS€VI.€Unpublished.Ģą  ąTitle€written€š šHorace€Ode€25€/€To€Lydia.šš€See€no.€87;€the€translation€is€fragmentary€(owing€to€its€eroticĻcontent,€perhaps).ĢĢą  ą89.€š šOn€the€Death€of€My€Cousin€Jessy,šš€September€9,€MS€V.€Printed€ņņPJRóó,€1:40„41;€ņņWorksóó,€2:285.Š š#@( Šą  ąDated€by€Ruskin.€Title€written€š šON€THE€DEATH€OF€MY€COUSIN€JESSY.šš€In€ņņWorksóó€the€name€is€spelledŠ ø$ ) Šš šJessie.šš€Ruskinššs€cousin€is€traditionally€believed€to€have€died€in€1827,€but€the€evidence€appears€to€be€anecdotal,€albeitĻa€very€striking€anecdote€(ņņWorksóó€35:70).€The€hard€evidence€is€the€Richardson„Ruskin€tombstone,€š šJanet€aged€8€years,ššŠ H&˜!+ Šbut€without€a€date,€except€for€her€name€being€inscribed€following€her€brother€James,€who€š šdied€8th.€May€1826šš€(ņņRSHóóŠ '`", Š182).€Could€Jessie€have€in€fact€died€after€1827,€closer€in€time€to€Ruskinššs€1830€elegy?€If€not,€and€tradition€is€reliable,Ļwhy€did€Ruskin€write„„or€in€any€event,€fair„copy„„his€elegy€a€few€weeks€following€the€familyššs€return€from€the€1830Ļsummer€tour?Ģą  ąIt€is€possible€that€the€poem€arose,€not€from€an€immediate€response€to€Jessieššs€death,€but€from€RuskinššsĻpreoccupation€with€dying€children€and€mothers,€provoked€by€viewing€monuments€to€such€tragedies€during€the€tourĻ(see€nos.€73,€81).€If€in€no.€87,€Ruskin€was€translating€a€classical€elegy,€in€no.€89,€he€collates€traditional€and€liturgicalĻlines,€as€Finley€remarks€(ņņNCóó,€111).€Collingwood€says€š šthe€poem€is€Ossianic€in€form,€as€being€intended€for€theŠ ˆ,Ų'3 Šššcoronach€of€a€ņņHighlandóó€girlšš€(ņņPJRóó,€1:275).Š P- (4 ŠŠ .h)5 Šą@CCģąON€THE€DEATH€OF€MY€COUSIN€JESSYˆĢą  ąOņņHóó€ye€restless€deeps€that€continually€roll€on€yourņņņņaóóóó€everlasting€waves€swell€the€moaning€of€thy€waves€&ņņņņbóóóó€theŠ xČ Šharmony€of€thyņņņņcóóóó€billows€toņņņņdóóóó€a€dirge€for€her€who€is€departed.Š @ Šą  ąFor€colder€than€the€foam€which€not€so€pure€as€her€spirit€is€rising€on€the€crest€of€thy€billows€she€reposes€in€theĻgrave.Ģą  ąO€ye€winds€of€heaven€breathe€in€melancholy€notes€a€song€of€death.Ģą  ąYouth€is€departed€beauty€is€withered€in€the€graveĢą  ąShe€whose€step€was€lighter€than€the€roes€&ņņņņeóóóó€whose€eye€was€brighter€than€the€eagles€her€dust€is€consigned€toŠ ( x Šthe€dust€she€is€gone€to€a€home€from€which€she€shall€not€return€to€a€rest€which€is€eternal€to€a€peace€which€is€unbroken.Ģą  ąShe€is€freed€from€her€sufferings€€she€is€released€from€her€painsĢą  ąWhy€should€I€mourn€for€her€who€is€departed€€She€is€not€consigned€to€the€dust€she€is€not€given€to€the€graveĢą  ąShe€is€not€a€prey€to€the€worms€and€her€beauty€is€not€departedĢą  ąHer€soul€is€ethereal€her€spirit€is€with€its€God€€She€is€fairer€&ņņņņfóóóó€purer€than€on€earth.Š `  Šą  ąWhy€should€I€mourn€for€the€spirit€which€is€returned€to€its€makerĢą  ąI€will€not€mourn€€I€will€rejoice€for€her€who€is€praising€her€creator€€who€is€joining€in€the€harmony€of€heavenĢĢą  ąņņTextual€noteóó.„„As€compared€with€the€edited€version€in€ņņWorksóó,€Ruskinššs€MS€V€fair€copy€is€unpunctuated,Š 0€  Šexcept€for€periods€at€ends€of€paragraphs€1,€2,€3,€5,€and€9.€Ruskinššs€capitalizations€are€shown€accurately€in€ņņWorksóó,Š ųH  Šexcept€where€Ruskin€has€š šmakeršš€(para.€10)€and€š šcreatoršš€(para.€11).€As€usual,€Ruskin€does€not€indent€his€paragraphs;Ļseparation€between€paragraphs€is€shown€only€by€the€extra€space€left€at€the€ends€of€paragraphs„„a€procedure€so€difficultĻto€reproduce€that€conventional€indentations€are€used€here,€instead.Ģą  ąņņņņaóóóóņņMS€Vóó€your]€thy€ņņWorksóóŠ h Šą  ąņņņņbóóóóņņMS€Vóó€&]€and€ņņWorksóóŠ ą0 Šą  ąņņņņcóóóóņņMS€Vóó€thy]€your€ņņWorksóóŠ Øų Šą  ąņņņņdóóóóņņMS€Vóó€to€ņņis€inadvertently€written€twiceóóŠ pĄ Šą  ąņņņņeóóóóņņMS€Vóó€&]€and€ņņWorksóóŠ 8ˆ Šą  ąņņņņfóóóóņņMS€Vóó€&]€and€ņņWorksóóŠ P ŠĢą  ą90.€š šMacbethšš€(prose),€September€10,€MS€VI.€Unpublished.Ģą  ąEntitled€and€dated€by€Ruskin.€This€fragment€possibly€narrates€the€battle€against€the€Norwegians€(called€DanesĻby€Ruskin)€that€takes€place€offstage€in€the€first€act€of€Shakespeareššs€tragedy.€The€style€sounds€less€like€Shakespeare€thanĻWalter€Scott,€however,€and€the€project€may€represent€a€fanciful€collaboration€between€father€and€son.€One€passage,Ļprinted€below€in€italics,€is€almost€certainly€composed€in€John€Jamesššs€hand.Ģą  ąThe€remaining€writing€appears€to€me€decisively€Ruskinššs,€but€uneven€and€oddly€strained€at€times.€Perhaps€heĻwas€was€trying€to€write€in€a€moving€carriage,€and€this€collaboration€served€as€a€game€to€pass€the€time€through€someĻdull€country.€This€explanation,€while€only€a€guess„„the€familyššs€main€travels€for€the€summer€had€ended€well€beforeĻSeptember€10„„would€add€piquancy€to€this€fragmentary€narrative€about€an€army€on€the€move.€Alternatively,€theĻunevenness€in€some€of€the€writing€might€be€explained€by€attributing€it€to€other€family€members.ĢĢą  ąThe€setting€sun€was€declining€on€the€summit€of€Ben€Lomand€when€a€party€of€<[(?)]>€5€highlanders€with€theirĻchieftain€were€carousing€in€a€small€inn€which€was€erected€near€the€lake€€They€exchanged€a€few€words€in€low€whispersĻexcept€the€leader€who€was€totally€silent€€His€features€were€partially€shaded€by€the€bonnet€drawn€over€the€brow€and€theĻeagles€feather€which€overhung€it€€He€was€a€strong€muscular€man€not€much€above€the€middle€size€&€his€shouldersĻextremely€broad€€A€dark€frown€was€on€his€brow€which€was€unusually€lofty€ņņsomething€of€deep€import€was€agitating€his€mindŠ H&˜!+ Š&€we€must€explain€the€cause€to€the€reader€€At€the€time€spoken€of€a€large€body€of€the€danes€were€harassing€fifeshire€&€spreading€terrorĻ&€confusion€wherever€they€bent€their€stepsóó€In€order€to€oppose€this€formidable€body€an€army€was€collecting€to€which€all€theŠ Ž'.#- Šclans€were€summoned€which€was€to€be€put€under€the€command€of€Macbeth€king€Duncan€being€too€old€&€his€sons€tooĻyoung€to€take€the€command€of€it€upon€themselves€€Now€Macdonalds€clan€for€we€shall€henceforward€call€him€by€thatĻName€was€not€yet€collected€&€there€still€lay€a€long€&€wearisome€journey€betwixt€him€&€fifeshire€€Macdonald€knewĻthat€no€time€was€to€be€lost„„and€this€occasioned€the€frown€which€beetled€on€his€brow.€Has€Macbeth€reachedĻfifeshire.€asked€one€of€the€inferior€Highlanders€€He€is€on€its€borders€replied€a€2nd€but€the€clans€are€not€all€mustered€&Ļhe€is€not€able€to€fight€yet.€The€thane€of€fife€will€join€him€tomorrow€&€it€will€be€hard€if€he€does€not€fight€next€day€saidĻa€third€€He€will€fight€without€the€earl€of€Douglas€then€said€the€2nd€hig{h}lander€for€he€cannot€join€him€till€the€5th€atŠ ^-®(4 Šsoonest€&€the€[clans(?)]ņņ1óó€are€only€hovering€about€the€coast€yet€€Ha€said€Macdonald€suddenly€interrupting€theirŠ ° Šdiscourse.€€Mac€Tan€addressing€one€of€the€inferior€highlanders€fire€&€sword€€Mac€Tan€started€from€his€seat€andĻprocuring€a€piece€of€wood€hastened€to€prepare€the€fiery€cross€and€then€fled€swiftly€down€the€banks€of€the€lake€in€orderĻto€assemble€the€clan€and€Macdonald€who€in€the€evening€had€only€[4(?)]€or€5€followers€in€the€morning€found€himselveĻ[ņņsicóó]€at€the€head€of€between€eight€&€nine€hundred€determined€followers€and€more€were€flocking€in€upon€him€everyŠ Š  Šinstant€so€that€by€the€time€they€were€ready€to€march€he€had€about€a€thousand€chosen€&€determined€men€with€thisĻforce€he€began€the€march€which€was€over€a€large€&€dreary€tract€of€mountainous€country€stretching€from€dumbartonĻshire€along€the€northern€parts€of€Stirling€€The€highlanders€had€no€horses€and€such€a€march€on€foot€would€in€theĻpresent€day€be€regarded€as€a€difficult€arduous€&€dangerous€[task(?)]€but€the€Highlanders€were€accustomed€to€marchingĻfrom€their€youth€&€they€thought€nothing€of€what€at€present€day€would€not€be€attempted€€They€seemed€as€if€they€couldĻbe€[scarcely(?)]€wearied€and€accomplished€in€two€days€what€now€would€scarcely€be€done€in€as€many€weeks€€On€theĻmorning€of€the€3rd€day€after€the€commencement€of€their€march€they€joined€Macbeths€army€which€was€on€the€point€ofĻattacking€the€Danes€€It€is€at€€all€times€difficult€to€describe€a€battle€&€in€the€present€case€we€shall€not€attempt€it€ĻIt€is€sufficient€to€say€that€the€danes€were€completely€routed€&€driven€to€their€ships€€The€battle€did€not€last€long€&€wasĻattended€with€very€little€loss€to€the€Scots€but€the€field€was€covered€in€every€direction€with€the€corses€of€the€Danes€€TheĻDanish€[raven(?)]€was€[taken(?)€ņņoróó€broken(?)]€and€no€victory€could€be€more€complete€€Macbeth€soon€after€theŠ hø  Šengagement€called€a€council€to€determine€what€measure€was€next€to€be€taken€he€was€inpatient€to€reach€the€place€whereĻking€Duncan€waited€his€coming€and€accordingly€would€have€set€off€that€very€day€But€many€of€his€troops€had€joined€hisĻarmy€only€the€day€before€the€battle€and€had€no€repose€&€therefore€it€may€be€imagined€they€were€fatigued€with€theĻlabour€of€the€day€&€night€also€being€fast€closing€in€Macbeth€was€with€some€difficulty€prevailed€on€to€defer€the€marchĻtill€the€following€day€when€they€were€to€march€northward€towards€[Forrest(?)]ņņ2óóŠ P  ŠĢą  ąņņ1óóThis€nearly€illegible€word€may€as€likely€be€š šdanesšš€as€š šclans.ššŠ ą0 Šą  ąņņ2óóThis€reading€is€highly€conjectural.Š Øų ŠĢą  ą91.€š šThe€Iteriad,šš€28€November€1830„„11€January€1832,€MSS€V,€VI,€VII,€VIII.€Selections€published€in€ņņPJRóó,Š 8ˆ Š1:42„78;€ņņWorksóó,€2:286„315.€Entirety€published€from€Cook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript€as€Dearden,€ed.,€ņņIteriadóó.Š P Šą  ąAccording€to€Ruskinššs€note€on€the€flyleaf€of€MS€VII,€the€poem€was€started€on€November€28,€1830,€andĻfinally€finished€on€January€11,€1832„„š šfinished,€quite€copied€in,€fairly€dismissed,šš€as€he€reports€in€a€letter€of€January€14,Ļ1832,€whereupon€he€š šwas€cutting€capers€all€the€remainder€of€the€eveningšš€(ņņRFLóó,€259).Š XØ Šą  ąAs€Dearden€remarks€in€his€edition€of€the€poem€(p.€23),€Ruskin€began€composition€with€what€became€bookĻIII,€the€410„line€š šAscent€of€Skiddawšš€fair„copied€in€MS€V€and€dated€26€December€1830.€Another€early€dateableĻreference€to€š šThe€Ascent€of€Skiddawšš€is€about€late€December€1830€in€MS€VI.€This€presumably€was€the€draft,€but€it€isĻknown€only€from€Ruskinššs€index€to€this€manuscript,€the€first€half€of€the€notebook€having€been€torn€away.€Since€theĻindex€to€MS€VI€gives€the€identical€page€number€for€š šSkiddawšš€and€for€the€first€entry€under€š šIteriad,šš€Ruskin€may€haveĻconceived€of€š šIteriadšš€only€after€completing€š šSkiddawšš€and€as€an€expansion€of€the€shorter€poem.€The€index€to€MS€VIĻalso€reveals€that€this€draft€followed€a€piece€called€š šRevolutionšš€(no.€95).Ģą  ąMost€of€the€draft€is€in€MS€VI,€with€a€small€part€of€book€4€in€MS€VIII.€€The€composition€can€be€traced€withĻprecision€as€Ruskin€gleefully€reports€to€his€father€on€the€number€of€lines€he€has€composed,€toting€up€the€farthings€heĻwill€earn€as€payment,€as€John€James€agreed:€š šas€fast€as€I€load€you€with€mountain€after€mountain€heaped€gigantic€I€shallĻlighten€you€of€your€money€€Hurra€€Forty€lines€per€day€regularly€as€the€sun€goes€downšš€(February€21,€1831,€ņņRFLóó,€220).Š š#@( ŠBy€February€28,€1831,€Margaret€says€š šhe€has€already€composed€six€hundred€and€thirty€two€lines€not€including€theĻascent€of€Skiddaw€which€he€has€finished€€it€has€416šš€(ņņRFLóó,€225).€Since€the€draft€of€book€1€in€MS€VI€contains€518Š €%Š * Šlines,€the€same€as€the€fair€copy,€Ruskin€must€have€reached€line€114€of€book€2.€(Burd€remarks€a€discrepancy€betweenĻMargaretššs€count€of€the€š šAscentšš€and€book€3€of€š šIteriad,šš€which€he€says€contains€410€lines€in€MS€VII€[ņņRFLóó,€226€n.€5].Š '`", ŠConfusing€the€issue€further,€Deardenššs€edition€numbers€402€for€book€3.)Ģą  ąBy€March€6,€Ruskin€says€he€is€š šin€the€fourth€hundred€of€the€second€book€cantering€away€to€Barrowdale€[i.e.,ĻBorrowdale]€and€Bowder€stone€and€Buttermerešš€(ņņRFLóó€233).€If€he€had€in€fact€reached€line€114€by€the€end€of€FebruaryŠ h)ø$/ Š28,€400€lines€of€book€2€by€March€6€would€put€him€about€40„50€lines€ahead€of€his€scheduled€40€lines€per€day€(or,€ifĻwhen€writing€on€February€28,€Margaret€had€not€counted€that€dayššs€production,€he€is€precisely€on€schedule).€RuskinššsĻline„count€of€March€6€corresponds€to€draft€that€starts€the€extant€portion€of€MS€VI„„namely,€pp.€58„74,€MS€VI,€whichĻbegins€with€line€176,€book€1,€and€carries€straight€through€to€precisely€line€400€of€book€2€(see€also€no.€109,€and€part€1,ĻMS€VI).€In€this€draft,€Ruskin€supplied€marginal€line€numbers€with€every€fifth€line,€and€these€lines€correspond€exactlyĻto€the€numbered€lines€in€Deardenššs€edition€(based€on€Cook€and€Wedderburnššs€transcript€of€the€fair€copies€MSS€V,Š .h)5 ŠVII).€Thus,€with€effortless€facility,€Ruskin€drafted€his€couplets€in€the€form€and€order€they€would€appear€in€fair€copy,Ļwith€little€appreciable€revision,€except€for€occasional€changes€in€wording.Ģą  ąAfter€March€6,€Ruskinššs€š šcanteringšš€through€draft€is€slowed€to€a€halting€walk.€The€draft€in€MS€VI€(pp.€58„74)Ļcarried€through€line€400,€book€2,€by€about€March€6,€is€followed€immediately€(pp.€75„76)€by€nos.€109„10,€known€toĻhave€been€composed€March€11„12,€1831.€These€poems€are€succeeded€(p.€76)€by€lines€401„26,€book€2,€entitled€byĻRuskin€š šContinuation€of€second€book€of€the€Iteriad.šš€This€passage,€therefore,€was€composed€after€March€12.€TheĻupper€limiting€date€of€the€passage€is€March€21,€since€it€is€followed€(pp.€77„78)€by€no.€111,€to€which€Ruskin€refers€in€aĻletter€of€that€date€(see€no.€111),€and€by€no.€113,€which€is€dated€š š21st€March€1831šš€in€the€manuscript€(pp.€78,€81).Ģą  ąBook€2€is€resumed€(and€headed€š šIteriadšš)€with€lines€427„538€on€pp.€82„84€of€MS€VI;€three„quarters€of€theĻway€through€this€passage,€following€line€504€(p.€83),€Ruskin€squeezed€a€date€into€the€inner€margin,€š š(22nd€AprilĻ1831),šš€and€lines€505ff.€resume€with€a€different€pen.€Thus,€the€month€since€the€previous€installment€(lines€401„26,Ļcomposed€between€March€12€and€21)€had€been€devoted€only€to€lines€427„504,€along€with€the€briefer€poems€thatĻappear€on€the€intervening€pp.€77„81,€nos.€111„16€(although€the€dating€of€nos.€114„15€is€somewhat€doubtful).€LinesĻ505„38,€which€continue€immediately€after€Ruskinššs€April€22€notation,€were€probably€finished€before€the€end€of€theĻmonth,€since€these€lines€precede€draft€(pp.€84„85)€of€no.€117,€a€birthday€ode€for€John€James,€which€Ruskin€would€haveĻbeen€preparing€for€May€10€presentation.Ģą  ąFollowing€the€birthday€ode,€no.€117€that€ends€on€on€p.€85,€Ruskin€tore€away€two€folios€(pp.€86„89).€Since€atĻleast€one€of€these€missing€folios,€as€can€be€inferred€from€the€index€to€MS€VI,€probably€contained€draft€of€š šIteriadšš€(seeĻpart€1,€MS€VI,€š šDescriptionšš),€at€least€some€of€those€lines€may€have€belonged€to€the€subsequent€portion€of€book€2€asĻfair„copied„„lines€539„658,€which€are€nowhere€else€extant€in€draft.€(Not€all€of€this€passage€is€likely€to€have€fit€on€oneĻmissing€folio,€however,€since€only€about€45€lines€per€page€is€typical€for€š šIteriadšš€in€MS€VI.€Of€course,€this€draft€passageĻcould€have€been€expanded€in€some€other€draft€manuscript,€now€lost,€prior€to€fair„copying.)€These€missing€draft€linesĻwould€have€been€composed,€therefore,€either€just€before€John€Jamesššs€May€10€birthday€or€sometime€after€thatĻcelebration.€If€composed€after€May€10,€the€family€may€by€that€time€have€been€embarked€on€their€May„June€journey€ofĻ1831€to€the€south€and€west€of€England€and€Wales.€The€lines€could€even€have€been€delayed€until€the€Ruskins€returnedĻfrom€the€holiday.Ģą  ąThe€concluding€lines€of€book€2,€659„94€occur€ņņearlieróó€in€MS€VI,€raising€the€possibility€that€Ruskin€wrote€themŠ P Šout€of€sequence;€they€are€not€numbered€by€Ruskin,€possibly€because€he€had€not€yet€composed€the€lines€leading€up€toĻthem.€However,€judging€by€their€appearance€in€draft,€I€suspect€the€concluding€lines€were€in€fact€composed€in€sequenceĻbut€squeezed€into€available€blank€spaces€remaining€in€the€earlier€section€of€the€manuscript.€The€first€such€group€ofĻconcluding€lines€(lines€659„67)€is€entitled€by€Ruskin€š šConclusion€of€Book€2€Iteriadšš€and€fills€a€brief€space€betweenĻnos.€114€and€115€on€p.€79;€it€is€written€in€an€ink€darker€than€the€surrounding€poems.€The€next€passage,€lines€668„83,Ļfalls€at€the€end€of€p.€80,€following€the€first€five„line€fragment€of€no.€116.€The€final€lines,€684„94,€are€written€(again€inĻthe€darker€ink)€along€the€very€bottoms€of€pp.€81,€82,€and€83,€beneath€a€heavy€rule€drawn€across€the€lower€margins€ofĻthose€pages.€Were€these€concluding€passages€to€be€dated€strictly€by€their€sequential€position,€they€would€have€beenĻcomposed€about€March€21€into€April;€more€likely,€they€were€composed€after€mid„May,€at€the€earliest.Ģą  ąBook€3€having€already€been€composed,€Ruskin€moved€from€book€2€to€book€4.€The€two€missing€folios€(pp.€86„¼89),€which€probably€held€draft€of€2:539„658€or€a€portion€of€those€lines,€may€also€have€held€4:1„26,€or€some€portion€ofĻthat€opening.€It€is€just€as€likely,€however,€that€book€4€was€begun€on€some€other€manuscript,€now€lost.€The€first€extantĻdraft€of€book€4,€labeled€by€Ruskin€š šIteriad€Book€4th,šš€begins€in€MS€VI€with€line€27€and€goes€through€68,€according€toĻRuskinššs€own€line€numbering.€This€passage€begins€on€p.€88€(according€to€Ruskinššs€ņņrevisedóó€numbering€system€for€MSŠ š#@( ŠVI;€see€part€1,€MS€VI,€š šDescriptionšš).€Interrupted€by€the€revision€of€no.€73,€another€segment€(labeled€š šIteriad€BookĻ4thšš)€takes€up€lines€69„94€(p.€89).€According€to€Dearden€(ed.,€ņņIteriadóó,€p.€23),€Ruskin€would€have€started€on€book€4€inŠ €%Š * ŠJuly,€following€the€May„June€Welsh€tour.€It€cannot€be€ascertained€definitely€whether€this€draft€was€begun€during€orĻfollowing€the€tour;€however,€Dearden€is€probably€correct,€since€the€first€extant€lines€of€book€4€(lines€27„68)€follow€nos.Ļ128„29,€which€can€be€assigned€tentatively€to€early€August.Ģą  ąFollowing€4:94€at€the€bottom€of€p.€89,€another€folio€has€been€removed;€but€a€remaining€torn€stub€showsĻRuskinššs€marginal€line€number€95,€revealing€that€the€draft€continued€onto€that€missing€page€(which€also€held€the€lostĻno.€130).€Hereafter,€the€composition€of€book€4€in€MS€VI€becomes€complex.€Having€torn€away€the€folio€with€line€95,ĻRuskin€numbered€the€next€extant€folio€in€proper€sequence,€i.e.,€p.€90.€The€missing€folio€may€have€contained€only€fiveĻlines€of€book€4,€lines€95„100,€since€lines€101„261€appear€continuously€on€pp.€92„96€(or€the€missing€folio€may€haveĻcontained€the€five€lines€plus€some€discarded€version€of€lines€101ff.).€The€segment€101„261€is€interrupted€on€p.€96€byĻno.€133,€and€followed€by€the€single€line€262€at€the€top€of€the€next€page€(p.€97).€After€another€interruption€by€nos.€134Ļand€136€(p.€97),€lines€263ff.€start€at€the€top€of€p.€98€(headed€š šIteriadšš).Š .h)5 Šą  ąFor€the€first€time,€Ruskinššs€line€numbering€becomes€faulty,€since€what€should€be€(and€eventually€did€become)Ļline€263€is€called€in€draft€line€248;€and€this€continues€until€what€would€become€line€296€(here,€281).€A€simpleĻexplanation€to€this€discrepancy€can€be€found€by€looking€back€two€pages€to€the€bottom€of€p.€95,€which€ends€with€lineĻ246„„lines€247„61€being€continued€at€the€top€of€the€next€page,€p.€96,€before€the€draft€of€š šBedšš€(no.€133).€WhenĻnumbering€the€lines,€Ruskin€must€have€overlooked€the€lines€247„61€at€the€top€of€p.€96,€and€counted€from€line€246€atĻthe€bottom€of€p.€95,€to€the€single€line€at€the€top€of€p.€97,€and€thus€to€the€miscounted€line€š š248šš€at€the€top€of€p.€98.Ļ(Another€possibility€is€that€lines€247„61€were€inserted€later,€but€the€single€line€at€the€top€of€p.€97€could€not€have€beenĻcomposed€without€those€lines€first€being€in€existence,€since€it€rhymes€with€line€261.)€Later,€when€he€reaches€line€585Ļof€the€book€4€draft€(p.€103,€line€592€as€presently€numbered),€Ruskin€abruptly€corrects€this€number€to€600,€very€likelyĻaccounting€for€the€dropped€fifteen€lines€247„61.€He€may€have€discovered€the€error€while€fair„copying;€if€so,€theĻcorrection€tells€us€that€fair„copying€had€begun,€and€was€keeping€good€pace€with€the€composition„„lagging€only€aboutĻ300€lines€behind.Ģą  ą(Note€that€Ruskinššs€corrected€numbering€still€does€not€correspond€with€the€present,€fair„copy€numbering;€theĻdifference€is€probably€to€be€accounted€for€by€an€extra€eight€lines€in€MS€VI„„falling€at€points€roughly€between€lines€320Ļand€350€of€book€4€in€the€fair„copy€numbering„„that€are€deleted€in€pencil.€When€these€lines€were€omitted€in€fair„¼copying,€the€draft€numbering€would€have€come€back€into€sync€with€the€fair€copy€numbering.€Since€RuskinššsĻnumbering€in€draft€was€not€further€corrected€by€the€end€of€the€poem„„which€ends€at€line€704,€instead€of€696€asĻpresently€numbered„„his€fair„copying,€if€indeed€started€by€now,€must€have€lapsed€during€the€composition€of€the€secondĻhalf€of€book€4.)Ģą  ąIn€the€misnumbered€passage€on€p.€98,€several€lines€(i.e.,€those€called€here€262„69€and€272„81;€and,€in€fairĻcopy,€277„84€and€287„96)€are€cited€only€by€their€first€words,€no€doubt€a€shorthand€for€the€for€the€full€lines,€elsewhere.ĻRuskin€must€now€be€drafting€š šIteriadšš€in€another€manuscript,€as€well€as€in€MS€VI.€Indeed,€after€line€281€(i.e.,€line€296Ļin€fair€copy),€Ruskin€directs€himself€to€pick€up€š šFrom€line€281€to€line€305€in€new€Manuscript.šš€These€lines€in€theĻš šnew€Manuscriptšš€would€have€been€4:297„320,€according€to€fair„copy€numbering,€and€these€lines€are€in€fact€to€beĻfound€early€in€MS€VIII,€p.€3.€MS€VIII,€then,€according€to€the€approximate€pace€of€š šIteriad,šš€was€first€put€to€use€inĻabout€September,€and€this€estimate€accords€with€other€evidence€dating€that€manuscript€(see€part€2,€MS€VIII).€Finally,Ļrounding€out€p.€98€in€MS€VI,€what€would€become€4:321„26€in€fair€copy€(called€lines€306„13€here)€is€drafted€at€theĻbottom€of€the€page,€following€the€directive€to€the€š šnew€Manuscript.ššĢą  ąThe€next€two€pages€in€MS€VI€(99„100r)€continue€the€draft€of€4:327„82€(here€called€314„75)€up€to€a€note€in€theĻmiddle€of€100r,€š šńńńńńńŌ‡-õõŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡ˆz-ŌńńńńńńFROM€LINE€375€TO€LINE€401€AT€PAGE€NINETY€SIXńńńńńńŌ#†õ“ōõ-zŠ#ŌŌ‡ōģ™õõõ“ōŌńńńńńńńńŌ#†ōģ™õõōś·™Š#ŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡ōś·õõōģ™Ōńńńńńńšš;€Ruskin€is€referring€to€a€passage€entitledĻš šComing€down€upon€Ambleside,šš€which€would€become€4:383„408€in€fair€copy,€and€which€is€drafted€earlier€in€MS€VI,Ļfollowing€no.€131€(pp.€90„91).€š šComing€down€upon€Amblesidešš€may€in€fact€have€been€drafted€earlier,€out€of€sequence:Ļthe€passage€has€no€marginal€line€numbers;€and€there€appears€no€reason€why,€otherwise,€Ruskin€would€have€stoppedĻmidway€on€a€page€(100r),€drafted€a€piece€on€pp.€90„91,€and€then€returned€to€p.€100r.€As€an€earlier€fragment,€š šComingĻdown€upon€Amblesidešš€might€have€been€composed€soon€after€4:95„100€and€no.€130,€which€once€appeared€on€aĻpreceding€folio,€now€missing.€Note€also€that€Ruskin€is€still€using€his€page€numbering€prior€to€the€mutilation€of€MS€VIĻ(i.e.,€š šńńńńńńŌ#†õ“ōõõōģ™%Ń#ŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡-õõŌńńńńńńńńŌ#†-ˆz…Ń#ŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡ˆz-ŌńńńńńńPAGE€NINETY€SIXńńńńńńŌ#†õ“ōõ-Õ#ŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡ōģ™õõõŌńńńńńńńńŌ#†ōģ™õõōś·vÕ#ŌńńńńńńńńŌ‡õś·õõõŌńńńńńńšš€is€now€his€p.€90).Ģą  ąReturning€to€100r,€what€we€now€know€as€4:409ff.€(402ff.€here)€resumes,€and€book€4€is€composed€to€the€endĻ(lines€409„696;€here€numbered€as€lines€402„704;€pp.€100r„105).€But€Ruskin€wrote€an€additional€passage€entitledĻš šConclusion€of€Iteriad,šš€which€he€did€not€fair„copy.€This€is€on€p.€90,€between€no.€131€and€š šComing€down€uponĻAmbleside.šš€It€cannot€be€ascertained€whether€this€š šConclusionšš€was€penned€earlier,€at€the€same€time€as€theĻš šAmblesidešš€passage,€or€whether€it€was€squeezed€into€this€space€after€book€4€was€completed.€This€conclusion€reads€asĻfollows€(edited€version€first€published€in€ņņWorksóó,€2:315€n.€3):Š €%Š * Šą  ąFarewell€to€each€mountain€and€torrent€and€riverĢą  ąFarewell€but€it€is€not€a€farewell€for€everĢą  ąOh€no€I€will€see€the€[ņņsicóó]€again€oh€ScawfellŠ Ų'(#- Šą  ąThough€now€I€may€bid€thee€a€mournful€farewellĢą  ąYes€Windermere€Yes€I€must€travel€from€theeĢą  ąFrom€thy€bosom€thy€beautiful€bosom€I€fleeĢą  ąBut€yet€thou€hast€graven€thyself€on€my€mindĢą  ąAnd€hast€left€the€impression€so€deeply€behindĢą  ąThat€time€has€no€power€to€destroy€or€eraseĢą  ąNor€one€line€of€that€picture€atall€[ņņsicóó]€to€effaceŠ P- (4 Šą  ąThe€authorššs€š šNotesšš€are€drafted€on€pp.€107„8€of€MS€VI.€They€must€have€been€started€after€the€poem€wasŠ .h)5 Šfinished,€since€they€commence€on€the€first€recto€to€follow€the€end€of€book€4,€and€it€seems€unlikely€that€Ruskin€couldĻhave€predicted€that€his€draft€would€end€just€here.€The€notes€refer€only€to€book€1,€and€they€are€scored€through.€SinceĻno€notes€at€all€are€fair„copied€in€MS€VII,€this€embellishment€of€the€project€was€obviously€abandoned.€Indeed,€RuskinššsĻ14€January€1832€letter,€in€which€he€is€š šcutting€capersšš€for€having€finished€fair„copying€the€poem,€mentions€that€š šI€haveĻyet€the€notes€to€writešš€(ņņRFLóó,€259).€This€identifies€the€notes€as€having€been€composed€sometime€after€January€14,€1832,Š Š  Šbut€a€considerable€time€must€have€elapsed€between€the€drafting€of€the€poemššs€final€lines€and€the€composition€of€theĻnotes.€If€Ruskin€was€at€about€line€320€in€September€1831€(i.e.,€the€passage€in€MS€VIII),€surely€he€did€not€spend€nearlyĻfour€months€composing€the€remaining€370€lines€of€book€4.€The€intervening€time€would€have€been€devoted€to€fair„¼copying,€although,€as€suggested€earlier,€fair„copying€may€have€been€keeping€fair€pace€with€composition,€lagging€onlyĻthree€or€four€hundred€lines€behind.ĢĢą  ą92.€š šMy€Fishing€Rod,šš€December€20,€MSS€V,€[VI].€Printed€ņņTLCóó,€107„9,€from€Cook€and€WedderburnššsŠ H ˜  Štranscript.Ģą  ąDated€by€Ruskin€in€MS€V;€draft€lost€with€first€section€of€MS€VI.€The€poem€is€probably€based€on€anĻunsuccessful€fishing€expedition€during€the€summer€tour€(ņņTLCóó,€46;€see€also€no.€91,€bk.€4:185„96).Š  š  ŠĢą  ą93.€š šBonaparte,šš€December,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost€with€first€section€of€MS€VI;€index€to€MS€VI€indicates€that€it€was€drafted€on€the€page€after€no.€92.ĻThe€family€had€probably€been€reading€about€Bonaparte€(ņņRFLóó,€253).Š Ą ŠĢą  ą94.€š šSenna€Tea,šš€December,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost;€according€to€the€index€to€MS€VI,€it€followed€no.€93.€š šSenna€draughts,šš€an€emetic,€appear€to€haveĻbeen€highly€regarded€by€the€family€friend€and€physician,€Dr.€Grant€(ņņRFLóó,€305)„„perhaps€not€so,€by€Ruskin.€See€no.€114.Š ą0 ŠĢą  ą95.€š šRevolution,šš€December,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost;€according€to€the€index€to€MS€VI,€it€followed€no.€94€and€preceded€š šThe€Ascent€of€Skiddaw,šš€whichĻwas€fair„copied€by€December€26€(see€no.€91).ĢĢą  ą96.€š šTo€Myself,šš€December,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost;€according€to€index€to€MS€VI,€it€was€composed€after€the€š šSkiddawšš€section€of€no.€91€and€shortlyĻbefore€š šLondon€Streets,šš€no.€97.ĢĢą  ą97.€š šLondon€Streets,šš€December,€[MS€VI].€Unpublished.Ģą  ąNow€lost;€according€to€index€to€MS€VI,€composed€between€nos.€96€and€100.ńńńńńńŌ#†õ“ōõõõś·mÖ#ŌŌ#†õ“ōõõōģ™(Õ#Ōńńńńńń€ńń